The War for Southern Independence

1. Two "Americas" in Conflict--Mirror Images
   1. Principles
      1. Common Values
         1. Liberty
         2. Equality
         3. Individual Opportunity
      2. Each Section Seen by the Other as Threat to Those Values
         1. South--the "Black Republican" Conspiracy
         2. North--The "Slave Power" Conspiracy
   2. Institutions--The Two Constitutions
   3. Symbols
   4. Conservatism
      1. Confederacy--Restoring the Old Republic
      2. Union--Preserving the Union [with Slavery]
2. Initial Balance of Forces
   1. Union--Material Edge
      1. Population
      2. Industrial Might
      3. Infrastructure
      4. The Navy
   2. Confederacy--Motivation
      1. The Officer Corps--Lee and Co.
      2. The Confederate Soldier
      3. Protecting the Homeland
3. The Course of War
   1. 1861-63--Stalemate
   2. 1863-65--Attrition
4. Long-Run Advantages of the Union Side--A Stronger Nation
   1. Economic Strength
   2. The Limits of Confederate Nationhood
      1. Provisional Character of Confederate Nationalism
      2. Ability to Mobilize the Nation--Two Case Studies
         1. Finance
            1. Revenue Sources
               1. Taxes (Union 21 percent; CSA 5 percent)
               2. Borrowing (Union 66 percent; CSA 35 percent)
               3. Printing Press (Union 13 percent ["Greenbacks"]; CSA 60 Percent)
            2. Result--Inflation
               1. Privation
               2. Shortages
               3. Arbitrary Response--Impressment
         2. Politics
            1. Confederate--Rampant Factionalism
            2. Union--Disciplined Party Control