Physics Demo Number: 019

Approximate Run Time: 10 min

Diffraction and Interference by Single and Double Slits

Demo Description

Use the pictured 5 mW HeNe laser , in the pictured special shop-made holder , to produce both live single-slit and  live double-slit patterns on the lecture hall walls or screens.

Alternatively, use the pictured diode laser assembly to show the same patterns.

Scientific Principles

Single Slit Diffraction

Double Slit Interference






Equipment

  • A 5 mW HeNe Laser.

  • A 5 mW Diode Laser.

  • A shop-made ramp/ holder for the HeNe laser and  slit assemblies.

  • Two shop-made free-standing holders for the diode laser and slit sets.

  • A white foam board for leaning against a wall or against a blackboard as a viewing surface for the  patterns produced by the optical systems.

Equipment Location

  • The HeNe laser and ramp-holder and slit assemblies are in [C-2-4].

  • The free-standing diode laser and slit assemblies are in Kit 019  in [C-2-4].

  • The foam board hangs on the coat rack on the building support column between the Faculty Desk and Dave's Desk.
















Instructions

The top photo shows the HeNe laser apparatus used to create single and/or double slit patterns on the wall (or screen) in the classroom.

The shop-made ramp and holders allow for the precise horizontal and vertical alignment of  the laser beam on the slit module(s) and the  vertical positioning of the entire pattern on wall.

The third photo shows the more convenient Diode Laser setup.

The second photo shows the Foam Board hanging in its home position.

Note that the dedicated yellow cord attached to the board can be hung on a lecture hall chalk-board and the chalk-board then raised to give the level of foam board desired. One may also just set the foam board in a chalk tray.

Photos four and five show  the set up and equipment for showing the diffraction pattern of a small hole.

Photo four looks toward the laser and the brass plate with the small hole. One can see the laser light coming through the hole.

This light is reflected from the angled plane mirror (whose green backside is seen at the right of the photo).

Note that the actual diffraction pattern may be glimpsed on the white paper (which lies in the foreground of the photo) on the wood riser table.

Photo five gives the setup of photo  four seen from the laser end.

The idea of this setup is to get the diffraction pattern of the hole onto the staging surface of the document camera, so that a visible large image may be placed onto the lecture hall screen using the zoom feature and manual focusing of the document camera.

This is a very tedious and demanding trick to pull off and will require a big chunk of time and effort on the part of the instuctor to practice ahead of time.


   

Writeup created by David A. Burba
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