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  Scale Descriptions

Scale: Student Perceptions of Parents' Explicit Behavior (33 items) reported standardized alpha = .92

Source : Lab developed
This scale assesses the extent to which a student perceives that the parent instructs, encourages, and reinforces behavior conducive to achievement (i.e., intrinsic motivation to learn, strategy use, and academic and social self-efficacy) during homework involvement.

Response format and scale
All items in the scale use a Not true to Very true response format:
Not true = 1, A little true = 2, Pretty true = 3, Very true = 4

Instructions
Dear Student, Families do many different things when they help children with school.  Please think about how your family helps you with school and fill in the circle that matches what is most true for them. Thank you!

Scale scoring
Total scale scores range from 33 to 132. Higher scores indicate that the child perceives more explicit behaviors by his or her parents.

Stem:

The person in my family who usually helps me with my homework…

Items
… teaches me ways to make my homework fun.
…teaches me how to find out more about things that interest me.
…teaches me to try the problems that help me learn the most.
…teaches me to have a good attitude about my homework.
…teaches me to make sure I understand one part before I go on to the next.
…teaches me to take a break from my work when I get frustrated.   
…teaches me how to check my homework as I go along.
…teaches me to go at my own pace while doing my homework.
…teaches me to keep trying when I get stuck.
…teaches me to stick with my homework until I get it all done.
…teaches me to work hard.
…teaches me to ask questions when I don't understand something.
…teaches me how to get along with others in my class.
…teaches me to follow the teacher's directions.
…teaches me to talk with the teacher when I have questions.   
…shows me that he or she likes it when I learn as much as possible.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I have a good attitude about doing my homework.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I learn new things.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I check my work.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I understand how to solve problems.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I organize my schoolwork.   
…shows me that he or she likes it when I find new ways to do my work when I get stuck.   
…shows me that he or she likes it when I stick with a problem until it gets solved.   
…shows me that he or she likes it when I work hard on my homework.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I keep working on my homework even when I don't feel like it.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I ask the teacher for help.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I explain what I think to the teacher.
…shows me that he or she likes it when I explain what I think about school to him or her.
…encourages me when I don't feel like doing my schoolwork.   
…encourages me when I have trouble organizing my schoolwork.
…encourages me to be aware of how I'm doing with my schoolwork.
…encourages me to try new ways to do schoolwork when I'm having a hard time.
…encourages me when I have trouble doing my schoolwork.


The Family-School Partnership Lab is part of the Psychology and Human Development Department, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University.