The Civil Rights Era II: The Rise and Fall of "Massive Resistance"

1. White Southern Resistance to Civil Rights
   1. The Aftermath of Brown
      1. White Southern Hopes for "Self-Enforcement"--"All Deliberate Speed"
      2. Rising Pressures for Change
         1. The Federal Judiciary
         2. Black Assertion--The Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-56) and Martin Luther King, Jr.
   2. Reaction--The "Southern Revival"
      1. The White Citizens' Councils
      2. The Ku Klux Klan
      3. State "Interposition"
      4. Internal Repression
      5. Open Conflict--Orval Faubus and the Little Rock Crisis (1957)
2. "Massive Resistance" Broken
   1. Rising Concern in the North--The South as National Embarrassment and Whipping Boy
   2. The 1960s and the "Negro Revolt"
      1. The "Sit-Ins" and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (1960)
      2. The Congress of Racial Equality and the "Freedom Rides"
      3. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Birmingham (1963)
      4. Mississippi and the "Freedom Summer" (1964)
      5. Selma, AL (1965)
   3. Federal Action
      1. Delay--The Kennedy Democrats in Southern Captivity
      2. The Civil Rights Act (1964)
      3. The Poll Tax Amendment (1964)
      4. The Voting Rights Act (1965)
   4. Southern Acquiescence
      1. The New Faith in Economic Development--"Babbitry Over Bigotry"
      2. Class as Substitute for Race--De Facto Segregation