The Beginnings of Industrialization

1. Antebellum Manufacturing--An Overview
2. 1860-1880--Industrial Decline
   1. The Impact of the Civil War
   2. "Backwash" Effects--The Decline of the Small, Local Producer
3. 1880 to World War I--The National Market and the "New" Industrialization
   1. Cotton Textiles--The "Signature" Industry of the "New South"
      1. Geographic Concentration--The Piedmont
      2. Entrepreneurship--Merchants and "Boosters"
      3. Raw Materials--"Cotton Mills in Cotton Fields"
      4. Cheap Labor
         1. Alternative to Hardscrabble Farm Life
         2. The Family Labor System--Woman and Child Labor
         3. Low "Human Capital" Requirements
   2. Tobacco--The Rise of the Cigarette
      1. The First Southern "Big Businesses"
         1. James Buchanan Duke and the American Tobacco Company
         2. R. J. Reynolds
      2. Geography--Origins of "Tobacco Road"
   3. Iron and Steel
      1. The Rise of Birmingham
      2. Absentee Control
         1. The Tennessee Coal, Iron, and Railroad Company (TCI)
         2. United States Steel (1908)
      3. Specialization--Cast Iron Pipe
   4. Lumber
      1. Geography
         1. Appalachian Hardwoods
         2. The Coastal Plain--Southern Pine
      2. Structure--The Age of the "Big Mills"
      3. Environmental Impact--"Cut Out and Get Out"
4. In Summation--A Small Beginning