The Nineteenth-Century English Novel

Contents

• Resources on the Web (General Victorian pages - Author pages listed under names of each novelist)
• Intellectual and Cultural Texts (1851-1867)
• Victorian Novel (General critical studies)
• Industrial Novel (Cross references)
• Sensation Fiction (Cross references)
• Historical Contexts (Emphasis on mid-nineteenth-century England)
• Commodity in Mid-Victorian Literature and Culture(Cross references)
• Great Exhibition (Cross references)
• Sexuality in Mid-Victorian Literature and Culture (Cross references)
• Jane Austen
• Mary Elizabeth Braddon
• Charlotte Bronte
• Emily Bronte
• Wilkie Collins
• Charles Dickens
• George Eliot
• Elizabeth Gaskell
• Mary Shelley
• William Makepeace Thackeray
• Anthony Trollope

Resources on the Web

• Romantic Era Sites treating novelists (top picks)
• Romantics Circles(One of the premier scholarly sites devoted to the Romantic poets and their contemporaries.  Contains online publications, virtual conferences, etexts, and other resources.  Romantic era novelists include Mary Shelley and Mary Wollestonecraft.  Edited by Neil Fraistat, Steven E. Jones, Donald H. Reiman, and Carl Stahmer.)
• Romanticism on the Net (A peer-reviewed Electronic Journal devoted to Romantic studies.  Articles on novelists include Mary Shelley [cross references], Matthew Lewis's The Monk, the Romantic novel)
• Voice of the Shuttle: Romantics (The model for all academic resource pages--rigorous conceptual organization of links. Maintained by Alan Liu, University of California, Santa Barbara.)
• Romantics Unbound (Attractively designed resource page for the study of the Romantics, including the novelists Ann Radcliffe, Maria Edgeworth, and Mary Shelley.  Maintained by David S. Hogsette, New York Institute of Technology.)
• Jane Austen Information Page (Indispensable resource.  Numerous other sites devoted to Austen are available from this page.  Maintained by Henry Churchill.)
• General Victorian Sites (top picks)
• Victorian Web Sites (The most comprehensive list of web sites on Victorian literature. Maintained by Mitsuharu Matsuoka, Nagoya University, Japan.)
• Voice of the Shuttle: Victorian (The model for all academic resource pages--rigorous conceptual organization of links. Maintained by Alan Liu, University of California, Santa Barbara.)
• Victorian Web (Elegant web-based hypertext on Victorian literature and culture, covering topics such as Social Context, Economics, Science, Technology, Politics, Literature, and the Visual Arts. Maintained by George P. Landow, Brown University.)
• Literary Resources - Victorian British (Easy-to-use list of Victorian web sites. Maintained by Jack Lynch, Rutgers University, Newark.)
• Victoria Research Web (Web site for the VICTORIA listserve; contains search engine for the VICTORIA list archive and other valuable resources.  Maintained by Patrick Leary, Indiana University, Dept. of History.)
• Bibliographies of scholarship on Victorian literature
• New Books in Nineteenth-Century British Studies (" This site offers complete publication information for scholarly works on the British Romantic and Victorian periods. Here you can find authors, titles, publishers, prices, ISBN numbers and  publishers' descriptions for new and forthcoming critical works, anthologies, and critical editions of nineteenth-century British materials. In addition, original reviews are available for selected works."  Maintained by Kirsten L. Parkinson, University of Southern California.)
• LITIR Database on Victorian Studies (Bibliography of current and forthcoming books and articles on the period. Maintained by Brahma Chaudhuri, University of Alberta.)
• E-texts of Victorian literature (see also individual authors below)
• The Modern English Collection (Part of the Electronic Text Center--one of the largest and most scholarly archives of E-texts on the web. Maintained by Jerome McGann, University of Virginia.)
• British Poetry 1780-1910 (Part of the Electronic Text Center.)
• Victorian Women Writers Project (Scholarly transcriptions of numerous hard-to-find texts.  Maintained by Perry Willett, Indiana University.)

A Celebration of Women Writers (Extensive etext collection, including many 19C women novelists.  Maintained by Mary Mark Ockerbloom, Carnegie Mellon University.)
• The Victoriana Library (Articles on Victorian material culture drawn from nineteenth-century periodicals.)
• Chronologies of the period
• Romantic Chronology (Excellent annotated chronology of literary and historical events, 1785-1851.  Edited by Laura Mandell and Alan Liu.)

Intellectual and Cultural Texts (1851-1867)

• Walter Bagehot, The English Constitution (1867)
• Isabella Mary Beeton, The Book of Household Management (1861)
• Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species (1859)
• Hypertext version
• Edwin M. Eigner and George J. Worth (eds.), Victorian Criticism of the Novel (1986)
• Elizabeth Gaskell, The Life of Charlotte Brontë (1857)
• E-text version
• The Germ. A Hypermedia Critical Edition
• Alexander William Kinglake, The Invasion of the Crimea: Its Origin, and an Account of its Progress down to the Death of Lord Raglan (1863)
• Harriet Martineau, British Rule in India: A Historical Sketch (1857)
• Karl Marx, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852)
• Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor (1861) [cross references]
• John Henry Newman, The Idea of a University (1852)
• George R. Porter, The Progress of the Nation (1851)
• Samuel Smiles, Self-Help (1859)
• John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism (1862)
• E-text version
• Florence Nightingale, Writings
• Caroline Norton, English Laws for Women in the Nineteenth Century (1854)
• Hypertext version
• C. S. Roundell, England and her Subject Races, with special reference to Jamaica (1866)
• John Ruskin, Sesame and Lilies (1865) [cross references]

Victorian Novel (General Critical Studies)

• Dennis W. Allen, Sexuality in Victorian Fiction (1993) [cross references]
• Amanda Anderson, Tainted Souls and Painted Faces: The Rhetoric of Fallenness in Victorian Culture (1993) [cross references]
• Review by George Watt (complete text - NCL)
• Nancy Armstrong, Desire and Domestic Fiction: A Political History of the Novel (1987)
• Nina Auerbach, Communities of Women: An Idea In Fiction (1978)
• Nina Auerbach, Woman and the Demon: The Life of A Victorian Myth (1982) [cross references: Collins, Thackeray]
• J. E. Baker, The Novel and the Oxford Movement (1932)
• Richard Barickman, Susan MacDonald, and Myra Stark, Corrupt Relations: Dickens, Thackeray, Trollope, Collins and the Victorian Sexual System (1982)
• Ian Baucom, Out of Place:  Englishness, Empire, and the Locations of Identity (Princeton:  Princeton UP, 1999)
• Gillian Beer, Darwin's Plots: Evolutionary Narrative in Darwin, George Eliot, and Nineteenth-Century Fiction (1983)
• Patricia Beer, Reader, I Married Him: A Study of the Women Characters of Jane Austen, Charlotte Brontë, Elizabeth Gaskell and George Eliot (1974)
• Carol L. Bernstein, The Celebration of Scandal: Toward the Sublime in Victorian Urban Fiction (1991)
• Rosemarie Bodenheimer, The Politics of Story in Victorian Social Fiction (1991) [cross references: Industrial Novel, Gaskell]
• Christine van Boheemen, The Novel as Family Romance: Language, Gender, and Authority from Fielding to Joyce (1987) [cross references: Dickens]
• Joseph Allen Boone, Tradition Counter Tradition: Love and the Form of Fiction (1987) [cross references]
• Patrick Brantlinger, The Spirit of Reform: British Literature and Politics, 1832-1867 (1977)
• Patrick Brantlinger, Rule of Darkness: British Literature and Imperialism, 1830-1914 (Ithaca:  Cornell UP, 1988)
• Julia Prewitt Brown, A Reader's Guide to the Nineteenth Century English Novel (1986)
• Louis Cazamian, The Social Novel in England, 1830-50: Dickens, Disraeli, Mrs. Gaskell, Kingsley, trans. Martin Fido (1903) [cross references]
• Janis McLarren Caldwell, Literature and Medicine in Nineteenth-Century Britain: From Mary Shelley to George Eliot (New York: Cambridge UP, 2004)
• Janice Carlisle, The Sense of An Audience: Dickens, Thackeray and George Eliot at Mid-Century (1981) [cross references]
• David Cecil, EarlyVictorian Novelists: Essays in Revaluation (1935)
• Karen Chase, Eros and Psyche: The Representation of Personality in Charlotte Brontë, Charles Dickens, and George Eliot (1984) [cross references: Dickens]
• Kathryn Chittick, Dickens and the 1830s (1990)
• Jay Clayton, Romantic Vision and the Novel (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1987) [cross references: Austen, Emily Bronte, Dickens, George Eliot]
• Paula Marantz Cohen, The Daughter's Dilemma: Family Process and the Nineteenth-Century Domestic Novel (1992)
• William A. Cohen, Sex scandal: The Private Parts of Victorian Fiction (Durham: Duke University Press, 1996) [cross references: Sexuality, Dickens, Trollope]
• Tess Cosslett, Woman To Woman: Female Friendship in Victorian Fiction (1988)
• Christopher Craft, Another Kind Of Love: Male Homosexual Desire In English Discourse, 1850-1920 (1994) [cross references]
• Christina Crosby, The Ends of History: Victorians and "the Woman Question" (1991) [cross references]
• Ann Cvetkovich, Mixed Feelings: Feminism, Mass Culture, And Victorian Sensationalism (1993) [cross references]
• Nicholas Dames, Amnesiac Selves: Nostalgia, Forgetting, and British Fiction, 1810-1870 (New York: Oxford UP, 2001)
• Deirdre David, Fictions of Resolution in Three Victorian Novels: North and South, Our Mutual Friend, Daniel Deronda (1981) [cross references]
• Lloyd Davis (ed), Virginal Sexuality and Textuality in Victorian Literature (1993) [cross references]
• Ian Duncan, Modern Romance and Transformations of the Novel: The Gothic, Scott, Dickens (1992)
• Elizabeth Ermarth, Realism and Consensus in the English Novel (1983)
• N. N., Modes of Production of Victorian Novels (1986) [cross references: Commodity, Thackeray]
• N. N. Feltes, Literary Capital and the Late Victorian Novel (1993) [cross references]
• Avrom Fleishman, The English Historical Novel (1971)
• Kate Flint, The Woman Reader, 1837-1914 (1993)
• Regina Gagnier, Subjectivities: A History of Self-representation in Britain, 1832-1920 (1991)
• Catherine Gallagher, The Industrial Reformation of English Fiction: Social Discourse and Narrative Form, 1832-1867 (1985) [cross references: Industrial Novel, George Eliot, Gaskell]
• Peter K. Garrett, The Victorian Multiplot Novel: Studies in Dialogical Form (1979) [cross references: Trollope]
• Simon Gikandi, Maps of Englishness:  Writing Identity in the Culture of Colonialism (New York:  Columbia UP, 1996)
• Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar, The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination (1979) [cross references]
• Robin Gilmour, The Idea of the Gentleman in the Victorian Novel (1981)
• Robin Gilmour, The Novel in the Victorian Age (1986)
• Michal Peled Ginsburg, Economies of Change: Form and Transformation in the Nineteenth-Century Novel (1996) [cross references: Dickens]
• Martin Green, Dreams of Adventure, Deeds of Empire (New York:  Basic Books, 1979)
• Guinivere L. Griest, Mudie's Circulating Library and the Victorian Novel (1970)
• Josephine M. Guy, The Victorian Social-Problem Novel: The Market, the Individual and Communual Life (1996) [cross references]
• Elaine Hadley, Melodramatic Tactics: Theatricalized Dissent in the English Marketplace, 1800-1885 (1995)
• Review by James Goodwin (complete text - NCL)
• John Halperin, Egoism and Self-Discovery in the Victorian Novel (1974)
• Barbara Hardy, Forms of Feeling in Victorian Fiction (1985)
• Barbara Harman and Susan Meyer (ed.), The New Nineteenth Century: Feminist Readings of Underread Victorian Fiction (1996)
• Constance D. Harsh, Subversive Heroines: Feminist Resolutions of Social Crisis in the Condition-of-England Novel[cross references]
• John Harvey, Victorian Novelists and Their Illustrators (1971)
• Jeremy Hawthorn, The Nineteenth-Century British Novel (1986) [cross references]
• Christopher Herbert, Culture and Anomie: Ethnographic Imagination in the Nineteenth Century (1991)
• Michiel Heyns, Expulsion and the Nineteenth-Century Novel: The Scapegoat in English Realist Fiction (1995)
• Margaret Homans, Bearing the Word: Language and Female Experience in Nineteenth-Century Women's Writing (1986)
• Linda K. Hughes and Michael Lund, The Victorian Serial (1991)
• Review by Rosemary T. Vanarsdel (complete text - NCL)
• Winifred Hughes, The Maniac in the Cellar: Sensation Novels of the 1860s (1980) [cross references: Sensation Novels, Braddon, Collins]
• Elizabeth Jay, The Religion of the Heart: Anglican Evangelicalism and the Nineteenth Century Novel (1979)
• P. J. Keating, The Working Classes in Victorian Fiction (1970) [cross references]
• Robert Kiely, Reverse Tradition: Postmodern Fictions and the Nineteenth-Century Novel (1993)
• U. C. Knoepflmacher, Religious Humanism and the Victorian Novel (1965)
• John Kucich, Repression in Victorian Fiction: Charlotte Brontë, George Eliot, and Charles Dickens (1987)
• John Kucich, The Power of Lies: Transgression in Victorian Fiction (1994)
• F. R. Leavis, The Great Tradition (1948)
• Laurie Langbauer, Women and Romance: the Consolations of Gender in the English Novel (1990)
• Review by Dianne Sadoff (complete text - NCL)
• Elizabeth Langland, Nobody's Angels: Middle-class Women and Domestic Ideology in Victorian Culture (1995)
• Review by Alison Booth (complete text - NCL)
• F. R. Leavis, The Great Tradition (1949) [cross references]
• George Levine, The Realistic Imagination: English Fiction from Frankenstein to Lady Chatterley (1981)
• George Levine, Darwin and the Novelists: Patterns of Science in Victorian Fiction (1988)
• Anita Levy, Other Women: The Writing of Class, Race, and Gender, 1832-1898 (1991)
• Joseph Litvak, Caught in the Act: Theatricality in the Nineteenth-Century English Novel (1992) [cross references]
• Review by Nina Auerbach (complete text - NCL)
• Peter Melville Logan, Nerves and Narratives: A Cultural History of Hysteria in Nineteenth-Century British Prose (1996)
• Tricia Lootens, Lost Saints: Silence, Gender, and Victorian Literary Canonization (1996)
• Steven Marcus, The Other Victorians (1964) [cross references]
• Robert B. Martin, The Triumph of Wit: A Study of Victorian Comic Theory (1974)
• Jill L. Matus, Unstable Bodies: Victorian Representations of Sexuality and Maternity (1995) [cross references: Sexuality, Braddon]
• Ivan Melada, The Captain of Industry in British Fiction 1821-1871 (1970) [cross references]
• Helena Michie, The Flesh Made Word: Female Figures and Women's Bodies (1987)
• Andrew H. Miller, Novels Behind Glass: Commodity, Culture, and Victorian Narrative (1995) [cross references]
• D. A. Miller, Narrative and Its Discontents: Problems of Closure in the Traditional Novel [cross references: Austen]
• D. A. Miller, The Novel and the Police (1988) [cross references: Sexuality, Collins, Dickens]
• J. Hillis Miller, The Disappearance of God (1963)
• J. Hillis Miller, The Form of Victorian Fiction (1968) [cross references]
• J. Hillis Miller, Fiction and Repetition: Seven English Novels (1982) [cross references]
• Barry Milligan, Pleasures and Pains: Opium and the Orient in Nineteenth-Century British Culture (1995)
• Steven Mintz, A Prison of Expectations: The Family in Victorian Culture (1983)
• Sally Mitchell, The Fallen Angel: Chastity, Class, and Women's Reading 1835-1880 (1981) [cross references]
• Ellen Moers, Literary Women: The Great Writers (1977)
• Susan Morgan, Sisters in Time: Imagining Gender in Nineteenth-Century British Fiction (1991)
• David E. Musselwhite, Partings Welded Together: Politics and Desire in the Nineteenth-Century English Novel (1987) [cross references: Commodity, Dickens]
• Pauline Nestor, Female Friendships and Communities: Charlotte Brontë, George Eliot, Elizabeth Gaskell (1985)
• Judith Lowder Newton, Women, Power and Subversion: Social Strategies in British Fiction, 1778-1860 [cross references]
• Deborah Epstein Nord, Walking the Victorian Streets: Women, Representation, and the City (1995) [cross references]
• Jeff Nunokawa, The Afterlife of Property: Domestic Security and the Victorian Novel (1994) [cross references: Commodity, Sexuality]
• Review by Catherine Gallagher (complete text - NCL)
• Suvendrini Perera, Reaches of Empire:  The English Novel from Edgeworth to Dickens (New York:  Columbia UP, 1991)
• Walter C. Phillips, Dickens, Reade, and Collins: Sensation Novelists (1919) [cross references: Sensation Fiction, Collins, Dickens]
• Robert M. Polhemus, Comic Faith: The Great Tradition from Austen to Joyce (1980)
• Robert M. Polhemus, Erotic Faith: Being in Love from Jane Austen to D. H. Lawrence (1990) [cross references]
• Mary Poovey, The Proper Lady and the Woman Writer: Ideology as Style in the Works of Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley, and Jane Austen (1984) [cross references: Austen; Mary Shelley]
• Mary Poovey, Uneven Developments: The Ideological Work of Gender in Mid-Victorian England (1988)
• Review by Elizabeth Helsinger (complete text - NCL)
• Mary Poovey, Making a Social Body: British Cultural Formation, 1830-1864 (1996)
• Mario Praz, The Hero in Eclipse in Victorian Fiction, trans. Angus Davidson (1956)
• Martin Price, Forms of Life: Character and Moral Imagination in the Novel (1983)
• Lyn Pykett, The "Improper" Feminine: The Women's Sensation Novel and the New Woman Writing (1992) [cross references: Sensation Novels, Braddon]
• Michael Ragussis, Acts of Naming: The Family Plot in Fiction (1986)
• Nicholas Rance, The Historical Novel and Popular Politics in Nineteenth-Century England (1975)
• Walter L. Reed, Meditations on the Hero: A Study of the Romantic Hero in Nineteenth-Century Fiction (1974)
• Harriet Ritvo, The Animal Estate:  The English and Other Creatures in the Victorian Age (Cambridge, Mass.:  Harvard UP, 1987)
• Edward Said, Culture and Imperialism (1993)
• Dianne F. Sadoff, Monsters of Affection: Dickens, Eliot, and Brontë on Fatherhood (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1982) [cross references: Sexuality, Dickens]
• Andrew Sanders, The Victorian Historical Novel, 1840-1880 (1978) [cross references]
• Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire (1985) [cross references]
• Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Epistemology of the Closet (1990) [cross references]
• Harvey E. Shaw, The Forms of Historical Fiction: Walter Scott and His Successors (1983)
• W. David Shaw, Victorians and Mystery: Crises of Representation (1990) [cross references]
• Peter L. Shillingsburg, Pegasus in Harness: Victorian Publishing and W. M. Thackeray (1992)
• Elaine Showalter, A Literature of Their Own: British Women Novelists from Brontë to Lessing (1977) [cross references]
• David Simpson, Fetishism and Imagination: Dickens, Melville, Conrad (1987)
• Helen Small, Love's Madness: Medicine, the Novel, and Female Insanity, 1800-1865 (1996)
• Richard Stang, The Theory of the Novel in England 1850-1870 (1959)
• Garrett Stewart, Death Sentences: Styles of Dying in British Fiction (1984)
• Garrett Stewart, Dear Reader: The Conscripted Audience in Nineteenth-Century British Fiction (1996) [cross references]
• Kathryn Bond Stockton, God Between Their Lips: Desire Between Women in Irigaray, Brontë, and Eliot (1994) [cross references]
• Donald D. Stone, The Romantic Impulse in Victorian Fiction (1980)
• Patricia Stubbs, Women and Fiction: Feminism and the Novel, 1800-1920 (1981)
• John Sutherland, Victorian Novelists and Publishers (1976) [cross references]
• John Sutherland, The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction (1989)
• John Sutherland, Victorian Fiction: Writers, Publishers, Readers (1995)
• Geoffrey Tillotson, A View of Victorian Literature (1978)
• Kathleen Tillotson, Novels of the Eighteen-Forties (1954)
• J. Don Vann, Victorian Novels in Serial (1985)
• Martha Vicinus, The Industrial Muse: A Study of Nineteenth Century British Working Class Literature (1974) [cross references]
• John Vernon, Money and Fiction: Literary Realism in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century (1984)
• Athena Vrettos, Somatic Fictions: Imagining Illness in Victorian Culture (1995) [cross references]
• Judith R. Walkowitz, City of Dreadful Night: Narratives of Sexual Danger in Late-Victorian London (1992) [cross references]
• Robyn R. Warhol, Gendered Interventions: Narrative Discourse in the Victorian Novel (1989)
• Ian Watt (ed.), The Victorian Novel: Modern Essays in Criticism (1971) [cross references: Industrial Novel, Collins, Dickens, George Eliot, Gaskell, Thackeray]
• Igor Webb, From Custom to Capital: The English Novel and the Industrial Revolution (1981) [cross references]
• R. K. Webb, The British Working Class Reader, 1790-1848: Literary and Social Tension (1955)
• Alexander Welsh, George Eliot and Blackmail (1985)
• Philip M. Weinstein, The Semantics of Desire: Changing Models of Identity from Dickens to Joyce (1984)
• Joseph Wiesenfarth, Gothic Manners and the Classic English Novel (1988)
• Merryn Williams, Women in the English Novel, 1800-1900 (1984)
• Raymond Williams, Culture and Society, 1780-1950 (1958) [cross references: Industrial Novel, George Eliot, Gaskell]
• Julian Wolfreys, Being English: Narratives, Idioms, and Performances of National Identity from Coleridge to Trollope (1994)
• Robert Lee Wolff, Gains and Losses: Novels of Faith and Doubt in Victorian England (1977)
• Ruth B. Yeazell, Fictions of Modesty: Women and Courtship in the English Novel (1991)

Industrial Novel (Cross References)

• Rosemarie Bodenheimer
• Louis Cazamian
• Deirdre David
• Catherine Gallagher
• Constance D. Harsh
• P. J. Keating
• Henry Mayhew
• Martha Vicinus
• Igor Webb
• Raymond Williams; rpt. in Watt 142-64

Sensation Fiction (Cross References)

• Ann Cvetkovich
• Winifred Hughes
• Jonathan Loesberg
• Walter C. Phillips
• Lyn Pykett
• W. David Shaw
• Ronald R. Thomas
• see also the Braddon and Collins bibliographies

Historical Contexts

• R. D. Altick, The English Common Reader (1957)
• R. D. Altick, Victorian People and Ideas (1973)
• R. D. Altick, The Shows of London (1978)
• R. D. Altick, The Presence of the Present: Topics of the Day in the Victorian Novel (1991)
• Francois Bedarida, A Social History of England 1851-1890 (1976)
• Tony Bennett, "The Exhibitionary Complex," ,” in Nicholas B. Dirks, Geoff Eley, and Sherry B. Ortner, eds., Culture/Power/History:  A Reader in Contemporary Social Theory  (Princeton:  Princeton UP, 1994) [cross references]
• Geoffrey Best, Mid-Victorian Britain, 1851-1875 (1971)
• Asa Briggs, Victorian People: A Reassessment of Themes and People, 1851-1867 (1955) [cross references]
• Asa Briggs, The Age of Improvement (1959)
• Asa Briggs, Iron Bridge to Crystal Palace: Impact and Images of the Industrial Revolution (1979)
• Lucy Brown, Victorian News and Newspapers (1985)
• Susan Buck-Morss, The Dialectics of Seeing: Walter Benjamin and the Arcades Project (1989) [cross references]
• Jerome Buckley, The Victorian Temper (1951)
• Jerome Buckley, The Triumph of Time: A Study of the Victorian Concepts of Time, History, Progress and Decadence (1966)
• R. L. Burn, The Age of Equipoise: A Study of the Mid-Victorian Generation (1964)
• S. G. Checkland, The Rise of Industrial Society in England 1815-1885 (1964)
• G. S. R. Kitson Clark, The Making of Victorian England (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1962)
• G. S. R. Kitson Clark, An Expanding Society: Britain 1830-1900 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1967)
• G. S. R. Kitson Clark, Churchmen and the Condition of England, 1832-1885: A Study in the Development of Social Ideas and Practice from the Old Regime to the Modern State (London: Methuen, 1973)
• Jonathan Crary, Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century (1990)
• Mark Crinson, Empire Building: Orientalism and Victorian Architecture (1996)
• Lenore Davidoff and Catherine Hall, Family Fortunes: Men and Women of the English Middle Class, 1780-1850 (1987)
• C. C. Eldridge, Victorian Imperialism (Atlantic Highlands, NJ:  Humanities Press, 1978)
• H. J., Dyos, and Michael Wolff (ed.), The Victorian City, 2 vols. (1973)
• Peter Gay, The Bourgeois Experience: Victoria to Freud (1984) [cross references]
• Robin Gilmour, The Victorian Period: The Intellectual and Cultural Context of English Literature, 1830-1890 (1993)
• Daniel R. Headrick, The Invisible Weapon: Telecommunications And International Politics 1851- 1945 (New York: Oxford UP, 1991)
• Christopher Hibbert, The Great Mutiny: India 1857 (1978)
• Gertrude Himmelfarb, The Idea of Poverty (1984)
• E.J. Hobsbawm, The Age of Capital, 1848-1875 (1975)
• John Holloway, The Victorian Sage (1953)
• Margaret Homans, Royal representations : Queen Victoria and British culture, 1837-1876 (Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 1998)
• W. E. Houghton, The Victorian Frame of Mind, 1830-1870 (1959)
• Pat Jalland, Death in the Victorian Family (1996)
• T.A. Jenkins, The Liberal Ascendancy, 1830-1886 (1994)
• Gareth Stedman Jones, Languages Of Class: Studies In English Working Class History 1832- 1982 (1983)
• Friedrich A. Kittler, Discourse Networks 1800/1900, trans. Michael Metteer with Chris Cullens (1990)
• Neville Kirk, The Growth of Working Class Reformism in Mid-Victorian England (1985)
• Bernard Lightman (ed.), Victorian Science in Context (Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1997)
• Howard L. Malchow, Gentlemen Capitalists: The Social and Political World of the Victorian Businessmen (1992)
• Michael Mason, The Making of Victorian Sexuality (1994) [cross references]
• Michael Mason, The Making of Victorian Sexual Attitudes (1994) [cross references]
• John P. McGowan, Victorian Realism from Carlyle to Yeats (1986)
• Sally Mitchell (ed.), Victorian Britain: An Encyclopedia (1992)
• Adrienne Munich, Queen Victoria's Secrets (1996)
• Jonathan Parry, The Rise and Fall of Liberal Government in Victorian Britain (1993)
• Daniel Pool, What Jane Austen Ate and Charles Dickens Knew (1993)
• Thomas Richards, The Commodity Culture of Victorian England: Advertising and Spectacle, 1851-1914 (Stanford, CA: Stanford, 1990) [cross references]
• Murray Roston, Victorian Contexts: Literature and the Visual Arts (1996)
• G. R. Searle, Entrepeneurial Politics in Mid-Victorian Britain
• Donald Southgate, The Passing of the Whigs, 1832-1886 (1962)
• F.M.L. Thompson, The Rise of Respectable Society: A Social History of Victorian Britain, 1830-1900
• Herbert Tucker (ed.), Companion to Victorian Literature and Culture (Blackwell, 1999)
• James Vernon, Politics and the People: A Study in English Political Culture, c. 1815-1867
• J. R. Vincent, The Formation of the Liberal Party 1857-1868 (1966)
• Judith R. Walkowitz, Prostitution and Victorian Society: Women, Class and the State (1981) [cross references]
• Martin J. Wiener, English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit, 1850-1980 (1981) [cross references]
• Janet Wolff and John Seed (ed.), The Culture of Capital: Art, Power, and the Nineteenth-Century Middle Class (1988)
• G. M. Young, Victorian England: Portrait of an Age (1936)

Commodity in Mid-Victorian Literature and Culture (Cross References)

• N. N. Feltes, Modes and Literary
• Josephine M. Guy
• Ivan Melada
• Andrew H. Miller
• David E. Musselwhite
• Jeff Nunokawa
• Thomas Richards
• Jennifer Wicke
• Martin J. Wiener

Great Exhibition (Cross references)

• Tony Bennett
• Asa Briggs, "The Crystal Palace and the Men of 1851," in Victorian People
• Asa Briggs, Iron Bridge
• Susan Buck-Morss
• Andrew H. Miller
• Thomas Richards

Sexuality in Mid-Victorian Literature and Culture (Cross References)

• Dennis W. Allen
• Amanda Anderson
• Joseph Allen Boone
• William A. Cohen
• Christopher Craft
• Lloyd Davis
• Peter Gay
• Steven Marcus
• Michael Mason
• Jill L. Matus
• D. A. Miller
• Sally Mitchell
• Deborah Epstein Nord
• Robert M. Polhemus
• John Ruskin
• Dianne F. Sadoff
• Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Between Men and Epistemology
• Kathryn Bond Stockton
• Judith R. Walkowitz, City and Prostitution

Jane Austen

• Electronic versions of Persuasion
• Resources on the Web
• Jane Austen Information Page (Indispensable resource.  Numerous other sites devoted to Austen are available from this page.  Maintained by Henry Churchill.)
• Biographies
• J. E. Austen-Leigh, A Memoir of Jane Austen by Her Nephew (1870)
• R. W. Chapman, Jane Austen--Facts and Problems (1948)
• John Halperin, The Life of Jane Austen (1984)
• Park Honan, Jane Austen: Her Life (1987)
• David Nokes, Jane Austen: A Life (1997)
• Claire Tomalin, Jane Austen: A Life (1997)
• Letters
• Deirdre Le Faye (ed.), Jane Austen's Letters, Third Edition (1995)
• E-text of Braburne edition of the Letters (1884) (only about 2/3 of the known letters, many poorly transcribed)
• Contemporary Reviews
• B. C. Southam (ed.), Jane Austen: The Critical Heritage (1968)
• Critical Books
• Mary Lascelles, Jane Austen and Her Art (1939)
• Alistair M. Duckworth, The Improvement of the Estate: A Study of Jane Austen's Novels (1971)
• Stuart M. Tave, Some Words of Jane Austen (1973)
• Susan Morgan, In the Meantime: Character and Perception in Jane Austen's Fiction (1980)
• D. A. Miller, Narrative and Its Discontents (1981)
• Marilyn Butler, Jane Austen and the War of Ideas (1982)
• Mary Poovey, The Proper Lady
• Claudia L. Johnson, Jane Austen: Women, Politics, and the Novel (1988)
• William H. Galperin, The Historical Austen (2003)
• D. A. Miller, Jane Austen, or The Secret of Style (2003)
• Articles and Chapters (on Persuasion)
• Nicholas Dames
• A. Walton Litz, "Persuasion: Forms of Estrangement," in Halperin (ed.), Jane Austen: Bicentenary Essays (1975)
• Tony Tanner, "In Between--Anne Elliot Marries a Sailor and Charlotte Heywood Goes to the Seaside," in Monagham (ed.), Jane Austen in a Social Context (1981)
• Alan Richardson, "Of Heartache and Head Injury: Minds, Brains, and the Subject of Persuasion" in British Romanticism and the Science of the Mind (2001)
• Articles and Chapters (on other aspects of Austen)
• John Halperin (ed.), Jane Austen: Bicentenary Essays (1975)
• David Monagham (ed.), Jane Austen in a Social Context (1981)
• Jay Clayton, "Mansfield Park," in Romantic Vision and the Novel (1987) [cross references]
  William Deresiewicz, "Community and Cognition in Pride and Prejudice,"ELH 64:2
• Edward Said, Culture and Imperialism [on Mansfield Park] (1993)
• Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, "Jane Austen and the Masturbating Girl," in Tendencies (1993)
• Susan Fraiman, "Jane Austen and Edward Said: Gender, Culture, and Imperialism," Critical Inquiry 21 (1995): 805-21
• Claudia Johnson, "'Not at all what a man should be!': Remaking English Manhood in Emma" in Equivocal Beings: Politics, Gender and Sentimentality in the 1790s (1995)
• Garrett Stewart, "'Whomsoever It May Concern': Austen's Open Letters to the Reader," in Dear Reader (1996)

Mary Elizabeth Braddon

• Electronic versions of Lady Audley's Secret
• E-text(Victorian Sensationalism Online - published in Parts [under construction])
• Resources on the Web
• Victorian Sensationalism Online (Maintained by Andrew Mactavish, University of Alberta.)
• Biographies
• Robert L. Wolff, Sensational Victorian: The Life and Fiction of Mary Elizabeth Braddon (1979)
• Articles and Chapters (on Lady Audley's Secret)
• Lynda Hart, "The Victorian Villainess and the Patriarchal Unconscious," Literature and Psychology 40:3 1994: 1-25
• Winifred Hughes
• Jonathan Loesberg, "The Ideology of Narrative Form in Sensation Fiction," Representations 13 (1986): 115-138 [cross references: Sensation Fiction, Collins]
• Jill L. Matus
• Lyn Pykett
• Articles and Chapters (on other aspects of Braddon)
• E. Arnold Bennett, "Miss Braddon," in Fame and Fiction: An Enquiry into Certain Popularities (1901)
• Patrick Brantlinger, "What is Sensational about the Sensational?" Nineteenth Century Fiction 37 (1982): 1-28
• Ronald R. Thomas
• Natalie Schroeder, "Feminine Sensationalism, Eroticism, and Self-Assertion: M. E. Braddon and Ouida," Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 7:1 (1988): 87-103
• Elaine Showalter

Charlotte Brontë

• Electronic texts
• Jane Erye (Not a scholarly text - on Mitsuharu Matsuoka's Brontë  Sisters page)
• Villette(Not a scholarly text - on Mitsuharu Matsuoka's Brontë  Sisters page)
• Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell (From "A Celebration of Women Writers" page.  Maintained by Mary Mark Ockerbloom, Carnegie Mellon University.)
• Resources on the Web
• The Brontë Sisters Web (The most comprehensive list of web resources for studying Brontë . Maintained by Mitsuharu Matsuoka, Nagoya University, Japan.)
• Charlotte Bronte on the Victorian Web (The Charlotte Brontë Page of George Landow's site at Brown)
• Charlotte's Web (Focuses on the juvenilia. Maintained by Susan Castellón Lunsford)
• Biographies
• Elizabeth Gaskell, The Life of Charlotte Brontë (1857)
• E-text version
• Fanny E. Ratchford, The Brontës' Web of Childhood (1941)
• Winifred Gerin, Charlotte Brontë: The Evolution of Genius (1967)
• Margot Peters, Unquiet Soul: A Biography of Charlotte Brontë (1975)
• Lyndall Gordon, Charlotte Brontë: A Passionate Life (1994)
• Contemporary Reviews
• Critical Books
• Carol Bock, Charlotte Brontë and the Storyteller's Audience (1992)
• Penny Boumelha, Charlotte Brontë (1990)
• W. A. Craik, The Brontë Novels
• Janet Gezari, Charlotte Brontë and Defensive Conduct: The Author and the Body at Risk (1992)
• C. A. Linder, Romantic Imagery in the Novels of Charlotte Brontë (1978)
• Robert B. Martin, Charlotte Brontë's Novels: The Accents of Persuasion (1966)
• John Maynard, Charlotte Brontë and Sexuality (1985)
• Helene Moglen, Charlotte Brontë: The Self Conceived (1976)
• Margot Peters, Charlotte Brontë: Style in the Novel (1973)
• Sally Shuttleworth, Charlotte Brontë and Victorian Psychology (1996)
• Articles and Chapters (on Jane Eyre)
• Alan Bewell, "Jane Eyre and Victorian Medical Geography," ELH 63:3
• Articles and Chapters (on The Professor)
  • Nicholas Dames
• Articles and Chapters (on Villette)
• Joseph Boone, "Depolicing Villette: Surveillance, Invisibility, and the Female Erotics of 'Heretic Narrative,'" Novel 26 (1992): 20-42
• Christina Crosby, "Charlotte Brontë's Haunted Text," Studies in English Literature 24 (1984): 713
• Nicholas Dames
• Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar, "The Buried Life of Lucy Snowe," ch. 12 in The Madwoman in the Attic
• Mary Jacobus, "The Buried Letter: Feminism and Romanticism in Villette," in Mary Jacobus (ed.), Women Writing and Writing about Women (1979)
• Karen Lawrence, "The Cypher: Disclosure and Reticence in Villette," Nineteenth-Century Literature 42 (1988): 448-66
• Joseph Litvak
• Brenda R. Silver, "The Reflecting Reader in Villette," in Elizbeth Abel, Marianne Hirsch, and Elizabeth Langland (ed.), The Voyage In: Fictions of Female Development (1983)
• Athena Vrettos
• Articles and Chapters (on other aspects of Charlotte Brontë)
• Robert B. Heilman, "Charlotte Brontë's `New' Gothic" (1958); rpt. in The Victorian Novel: Modern Essays in Criticism, ed. Ian Watt (London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1971), pp. 165-80

Emily Brontë

• Electronic versions of Wuthering Heights
• Wuthering Heights (Not a scholarly text - on Mitsuharu Matsuoka's Brontë  Sisters page)
• Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell (From "A Celebration of Women Writers" page.  Maintained by Mary Mark Ockerbloom, Carnegie Mellon University.)
• Resources on the Web
• The Brontë Sisters Web (The most comprehensive list of web resources for studying Brontë . Maintained by Mitsuharu Matsuoka, Nagoya University, Japan.)
• Emily Bronte on the Victorian Web (The Emily Brontë Page of George Landow's site at Brown)
• Charlotte's Web (Focuses on the juvenilia. Maintained by Susan Castellón Lunsford)
• An Emily Bronte Chronology (From Richard Benvenuto, Emily Bronte [Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1982] - on Mitsuharu Matsuoka's Brontë  Sisters page)
• Biographies
• Contemporary Reviews
• Critical Books
• Articles and Chapters (on Wuthering Heights)
• Maja-Lisa Von Sneidern, "Wuthering Heights and the Liverpool Slave Trade,"ELH 62:1 (complete text)
• Articles and Chapters (on other aspects of Emily Brontë )

Wilkie Collins

• Electronic versions of The Woman in White
• E-text(Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia - Recommended)
• E-text (Bibliomania)
• E-text(Victorian Sensationalism Online - published in Parts [under construction])
• Resources on the Web
• Victorian Sensationalism Online (Maintained by Andrew.Mactavish, University of Alberta.)
• British Sensation Fiction (Web-based hypertext on the connection between sensation fiction and the mystery novel. Maintained by Michael E. Grost, "a mystery fan who lives near Detroit, Michigan.")
• Wilkie Collins (Page of miscellaneous information. Maintained by Paul Lewis, "freelance journalist living in the U.K.")
• Wilkie Collins Appreciation Page (Page of miscellaneous information. Maintained by David R Grigg, "multimedia CD-Rom production and science fiction fanzine editor.")
• Biographies
• William M. Clarke, The Secret Life of Wilkie Collins (1988)
• Catherine Peters, The King of Inventors: A Life of Wilkie Collins (1991)
• Review by Tamar Heller (NCL)
• Contemporary Reviews
• Norman Page (ed.), Wilkie Collins: The Critical Heritage (1974)
• Critical Books
• Tamar Heller, Dead Secrets: Wilkie Collins and the Female Gothic (1992)
• Sue A. Lonoff, Wilkie Collins and His Victorian Readers: A Study in the Rhetoric of Authorship (1982)
• Philip O'Neill, Wilkie Collins: Women, Property, Propriety (1988)
• Nicholas Rance, Wilkie Collins and other Sensation Novelists (1988)
• Articles and Chapters (on The Woman in White)
• Nine Auerbach, Woman and the Demon (135-43)
• Ann Cvetkovich
• Diane Elam, "White Narratology: Gender and Reference in Wilkie Collin's The Woman in White," in Davis
• Winifred Hughes
• D. A. Miller
• Walter C. Phillips
• John Sutherland (1995)
• Articles and Chapters (on other aspects of Collins)
• T. S. Eliot, "Wilkie Collins and Dickens" (1927), in Selected Essays, 1917-1932; rpt. in Watt (133-41)
• Nicholas Dames
• Jonathan Loesberg
• Ronald R. Thomas, "Wilkie Collins and the Sensation Novel," in The Columbia History of the British Novel, ed. John Richetti (1994) [cross references: Sensation Novel, Braddon]

Charles Dickens

• Electronic texts
• Great Expectations (Project Gutenberg text)
• Project Gutenberg collection of Dickens texts
• Annotated Bleak House hypertext (Under construction in Virginia Tech online course, "Bleak House and London."  Requires password.)
• Resources on the Web
• The Dickens Page (Comprehensive site - maintained by Mitsuharu Matsuoka, Nagoya University, Japan.)
• The Dickens Project (Home Page of the Dickens Universe)
• Dickens on the Victorian Web (The Dickens Page of George Landow's site at Brown)
• Concordances of Dickens Books
• Biographies
• John Forster, The Life of Charles Dickens (1872-74)
• Etext(Not a scholarly text - on Mitsuharu Matsuoka's Dickens page)
• Edgar Johnson, Dickens: His Tragedy and Triumph, 2 vols. (1952)
• Peter Ackroyd, Dickens (1990)
• Fred Kaplan, Dickens: A Biography (1988)
• Claire Tomalin, The Invisible Woman: The Story of Nelly Ternan and Charles Dickens (1990)
• Contemporary Reviews
• Philip Collins, ed., Dickens: The Critical Heritage (1971)
• Critical Books
• Bowen, John, Other Dickens : Pickwick to Chuzzlewit (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000)
  John Butt and Kathleen Tillotson, Dickens at Work (1957)
• John Carey, The Violent Effigy: A Study of Dickens's Imagination (1973)
• Kathryn Chittick, Dickens and the 1830s (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990)
  
• J. R. Cohen, Charles Dickens and His Original Illustrators (1979)
• Philip Collins, Dickens and Crime (1962)
• Philip Collins, Dickens and Education (1964)
• George Ford, Dickens and His Readers: Aspects of Novel-Criticism Since 1836 (1955)
• Valerie Gager, Shakespeare and Dickens: The Dynamics of Influence (1996)
• Robert Garis, The Dickens Theater: A Reassessment of the Novels (1965)
• George Gissing, Charles Dickens: A Critical Study (1898)
• Joseph Gold, Charles Dickens: Radical Moralist (1972)
• Susan R. Horton, Interpreting Interpreting: Interpreting Dickens' "Dombey" (1979)
• Humphry House, The Dickens World (1941)
• Gail Turley Houston, Consuming Fictions: Gender, Class, and Hunger in Dickens's Novels (1994)
• Patricia Ingham, Dickens, Women and Language (1992)
• John Kucich, Excess and Restraint in the Novels of Charles Dickens (1981)
• F. R. & Q. D. Leavis, Dickens the Novelist (1970)
• R. C. Lehmann, Charles Dickens as Editor (1912)
• Steven Marcus, Dickens: From Pickwick to Dombey (1965)
• J. Hillis Miller, Charles Dickens: The World of His Novels (1959)
• Pam Morris, Dickens's Class Consciousness: A Marginal View (1991)
• Robert L. Patten, Charles Dickens and His Publishers (1978)
• Anny Sadrin, Parentage and Inheritance in the Novels of Charles Dickens (1994)
• Paul Schlicke, Dickens and the City (1978)
• Paul Schlicke, Dickens and Popular Entertainment (1985)
• Michael Slater, Dickens and Women (1983)
• Michael Steig, Dickens and Phiz (1978)
• Garrett Stewart, Dickens and the Trials of Imagination (1974)
• Harry Stone, The Night Side of Dickens: Cannibalism, Passion, Necessity (1993)
• Jeremy Tambling, Dickens, Violence, and the Modern State (1995)
• Alexander Welsh, The City of Dickens (1971)
• Alexander Welsh, From Copyright to Copperfield: The Identity of Dickens (1987)
• Articles, Chapters, and Books (on Pickwick Papers, 1836-37)
  • John Bowen
  • Kathryn Chittick
  • N. N. Feltes, Modes of Production of Victorian Novels
  • Glavin, John: "Pickwick on the Wrong Side of the Door" Dickens Studies Annual: Essays on Victorian Fiction, (22), 1993, 1-20
  • Herbert, Christopher: "Converging Worlds in Pickwick Papers" Nineteenth-Century Fiction, (27:1), 1972 June, 1-20
  • Kincaid, James R.: "The Education of Mr. Pickwick" Nineteenth-Century Fiction, (24:2), 1969 Sept, 127-41
  • Ivan Kreilkamp, "Speech on Paper: Charles Dickens, Victorian Phonography, and the Reform of Writing," In Price, Leah and Thurschwell, Pamela (eds.), Literary Secretaries/Secretarial Culture. Aldershot, England: Ashgate, 2005, pp. 13-31.
  • Steven Marcus
  • Newsom, Robert: "Pickwick in the Utilitarian Sense" Dickens Studies Annual: Essays on Victorian Fiction, (23), 1994, 49-71
  • Robert L. Patten, "The Art of Pickwick's Interpolated Tales," ELH 34 (1967): 349-66
  • Sadrin, Amy: "Fragmentation in The Pickwick Papers" Dickens Studies Annual: Essays on Victorian Fiction, (22), 1993, 21-34
  • Schlicke, Paul: "The Showman of The Pickwick Papers" Dickens Studies Annual: Essays on Victorian Fiction, (20), 1991, 1-15
  • Welsh, Alexander: "Waverley, Pickwick, and Don Quixote" Nineteenth-Century Fiction, (22:1), 1967 June, 19-30
• Articles, Chapters, and Books (on Bleak House, 1851)
• Harold Bloom (ed.), Charles Dickens's "Bleak House," (1987)
• Christine van Boheemen, The Novel as Family Romance: Language, Gender, and Authority from Fielding to Joyce (1987)
• Alison Booth, "Middlemarch, Bleak House and Gender in the Nineteenth-Century Novel Course," in Kathleen Blake (ed.), Approaches to Teaching Eliot's "Middlemarch" (1990)
• Dona Budd, "Language Couples in Bleak House" (complete text - NCL, September 1994)
• Karen Chase, "Bleak House: Plot Character, and the Tragic Sense" and "Family Feeling in a Bleak House," chs. 5-6 in Eros and Psyche [cross references]
• Katherine Cummings, deconstructive-feminist reading of Bleak House, in Telling Tales: The Hysteric's Seduction in Fiction and Theory (1991)
• Carolyn M. Dever, "Broken Mirror, Broken Words: Autobiography, Prosopopeia, and the Dead Mother in Bleak House," Studies in the Novel 27 (1995): 42-62
• Robert Alan Donovan, "Structure and Idea in Bleak House," in Watt (pp. 83-109)
• Laura Fasick, "Dickens and Diseased Body in Bleak House," Dickens Studies Annual 24 (1996 )
• Elliot L. Gilbert (ed.), Critical Essays on Charles Dickens's "Bleak House," (1989)
• Michal Peled Ginsburg, Economies of Change: Form and Transformation in the Nineteenth-Century Novel (1996)
• Helena Michie, "'Who Is This in Pain?': Scarring, Disfigurement, and Female Identity in Bleak House and Our Mutual Friend," Novel 22 (1989): 199-212
• J. Hillis Miller, "Introduction to Bleak House," Penguin Edition (1971)
• Robert Newsom, Dickens on the Romantic Side of Familiar Things: "Bleak House" and the Novel Tradition (1977)
• Robert Newsom, "Villette and Bleak House: Authorizing Women"(complete text - NCL, June 1991)
• Timothy Peltason, "Esther's Will," ELH 59 (1992): 671-91
• Allan Pritchard, "The Urban Gothic of Bleak House" (complete text - NCL, March 1991)
• Sambudha Sen, "Bleak House and Little Dorrit: The Radical Heritage,"ELH 65:4 (complete text)
• Susan Shatto, The Companion to "Bleak House" (1988)
• Peter Thomas, "'The Narrow Track of Blood': Detection and Storytelling in Bleak House" (complete text - NCL, September 1995)
• Ronald R.Thomas, "Making Darkness Visible: Capturing the Criminal and Observing the Law in Victorian Photography and Detective Fiction," in Carol T. Christ and John O. Jordan (ed.), Victorian Literature and the Victorian Visual Imagination (Berkeley : U of California P, 1995, 134-68)
• Alex Zwerdling, "Esther Summerson Rehabilitated," PMLA 88 (1973): 429-39
• Articles, Chapters, and Books (on Great Expectations, 1860-61)
• Peter Brooks, "Repetition, Repression, and Return: The Plotting of Great Expectations," in Reading for the Plot: Design and Intention in Narrative (New York: Vintage, 1984).  Rpt. in Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism: Charles Dickens's "Great Expectations," ed. Janice Carlisle (Boston: Bedford Books, 1995, 481-501)
• Jay Clayton, "Is Pip Postmodern? or, Dickens at the End of the Twentieth Century," in Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism: Charles Dickens's "Great Expectations," ed. Janice Carlisle (Boston: Bedford Books, 1995, 606-24)
• William A. Cohen
• Dianne F. Sadoff, "The Dead Father," in Monsters of Affection, pp. 22-38 [cross references]
• Edward W. Said, "Two Commentaries on Great Expectations." Rpt. in Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism: Charles Dickens's "Great Expectations," ed. Janice Carlisle (Boston: Bedford Books, 1995, 518-26)
• Hilary Schor, "'If He Should Turn to and Beat Her': Violence, Desire, and the Woman's Story in Great Expectations," in Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism: Charles Dickens's "Great Expectations," ed. Janice Carlisle (Boston: Bedford Books, 1995, 541-57)
• Articles and Chapters (on other aspects of Dickens)
• Jay Clayton, "Dickens and The Genealogy Of Postmodernism" Nineteenth-Century Literature 46 (1991): 181-95 (complete text)
• Jay Clayton, "Londublin: Dickens's London in Joyce's Dublin," Novel 28 (1995): 327-42
• Mara H. Fein, "The Politics of Family in The Pickwick Papers," ELH 61:2
• Howard W. Fulweiler, "'A Dismal Swamp': Darwin, Design, and Evolution in 'Our Mutual Friend'" (complete text - NCL)
• Kelly Hager - Estranging David Copperfield: Reading the Novel of Divorce", ELH 63:4 (complete text)
• Gregg A. Hecimovich, "The Cup and the Lip and the Riddle of Our Mutual Friend," ELH 62:4 (complete text)
• Ned Lukacher, "Dialectical Images: Benjamin/Dickens/Freud," in Primal Scenes: Literature, Philosophy, Psychoanalysis (Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 1986, 275-336)
• David E. Musselwhite, "The Commodification of the Novelist," in Partings Welded Together: Politics and Desire in the Nineteenth-Century English Novel (1987)
• Brian Rosenberg, "Character and Contradiction in Dickens" (complete text - NCL)
• Matthew Charles Rowlinson, "Reading Capital with Little Nell," The Yale Journal of Criticism 9:2 (complete text)
• Jennifer Wicke, "The Dickens Advertiser," in Advertising Fictions: Literature, Advertisement, and Social Reading (New York: Columbia UP, 1988) [cross references]
• Edmund Wilson, "Dickens: The Two Scrooges," in The Wound and the Bow (1941)

George Eliot

• Electronic versions of Felix Holt
• E-text(Constructed by Peter Batke, Princeton University)
• Resources on the Web
• Virginia Woolf, "George Eliot" (E-text of Woolf's 1919 article. Maintained by Mary Mark Ockerbloom.)
• Biographies
• Gordon S. Haight, George Eliot, A Biography (1968)
• Ruby V. Redinger, The Emergent Self: The Life of George Eliot (1975)
• Rosemarie Bodenheimer, The Real Life of Mary Ann Evans: George Eliot, Her Letters and Fiction (1994)
• Review by Deirdre David (NCL)
• Letters, Essays, and Notebooks
• Gordon S. Haight (ed.), The George Eliot Letters, 9 vols. (1954-78)
• Thomas Pinney (ed.), Essays of George Eliot (1963)
• Joseph Wiesenfarth (ed.), George Eliot: A Writer's Notebook 1854-1879 and Uncollected Writings (1981)
• Contemporary Reviews
• David Carroll (ed.), George Eliot: The Critical Heritage (1971)
• Critical Books
• Dorothea Barrett, Vocation and Desire: George Eliot's Heroines (1989)
• Gillian Beer, George Eliot (1986)
• Alison Booth, Greatness Engendered: George Eliot and Virginia Woolf (1992)
• Mary Wilson Carpenter, George Eliot and the Landscape of Time: Narrative Form and Protestant Apocalyptic History (1986)
• David Carroll, George Eliot and the Conflict of Interpretations: A Reading of the Novels (1992)
• Daniel Cottom, Social Figures: George Eliot, Social History, and Literary Representation (1987)
• Philip Fisher, Making Up Society: The Novels of George Eliot (1981)
• Suzanne Graver, George Eliot and Community: A Study in Social Theory and Fictional Forms (1984)
• John Halperin, The Language of Meditation (1973)
• Barbara Hardy, The Novels of George Eliot: A Study in Form (1959)
• W. J. Harvey, The Novels of George Eliot (1961)
• Peggy Fitzhugh Johnstone, The Transformation of Rage: Mourning and Creativity in George Eliot's Fiction (1994)
• U. C. Knoepflmacher, George Eliot's Early Novels: The Limits of Realism (1968)
• F. R. Leavis, The Great Tradition (1948)
• Robert Liddell, The Novels of George Eliot (1977)
• Carol A. Martin, George Eliot's Serial Fiction (1994)
• Alan Mintz, George Eliot and the Novel of Vocation (1978)
• K. M. Newton, George Eliot, Romantic Humanist: A Study of the Philosophic Structure of Her Novels (1980)
• B. J. Paris, Experiments in Life: George Eliot's Quest for Values (1965)
• Nancy L. Paxton, George Eliot and Herbert Spencer (1991)
• Bernard Semmel, George Eliot and the Politics of National Inheritance (1994)
• Sally Shuttleworth, George Eliot and Nineteenth-Century Science: The Make-Believe of a Beginning (1984)
• Reva Stump, Movement and Vision in George Eliot's Novels (1959)
• Hugh Witemeyer, George Eliot and the Visual Arts (1979)
• Articles and Chapters (on Felix Holt)
• Alison Booth, "Not All Men Are Selfish and Cruel: Felix Holt as a Feminist Novel," in Antony H. Harrison and Beverly Taylor (ed.), Gender and Discourse in Victorian Literature and Art (1992)
• Catherine Gallagher
• Raymond Williams; rpt. in Watt 142-64
• Articles and Chapters (on other aspects of George Eliot)
• Amanda Anderson - George Eliot and the Jewish Question," The Yale Journal of Criticism 10:1 (complete text)
• Andrew Dowling, "'The Other Side of Silence': Matrimonial Conflict and the Divorce Court in George Eliot's Fiction" - (complete text - NCL)
• F. R. Leavis

Elizabeth Gaskell

• Electronic versions of North and South
• E-text(Maintained by Mitsuharu Matsuoka, Nagoya University, Japan.)
• Resources on the Web
• The Gaskell Web (Maintained by Mitsuharu Matsuoka, Nagoya University, Japan.)
• North and South Page (Part of the Victorian Web. Maintained by George Landow, Brown University)
• Biographies
• Winifred Gerin, Elizabeth Gaskell: A Biography (1976)
• Felicia Bonaparte, The Gypsy-Bachelor of Manchester: The Life of Mrs. Gaskell's Demon (1992)
• Review by Alan Shelston (complete text - NCL)
• Jenny Uglow, Elizabeth Gaskell: A Habit of Stories (1993)
• John Chapple, Elizabeth Gaskell: The Early Years (1997)
• Letters and Diaries
• Arthur Pollard and J. A. V. Chapple (eds.), The Letters of Mrs. Gaskell (1967)
• Anita C. Wilson and John Chapple (eds.), Private Voices: The Diaries of Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell and Sophia Isaac Holland (1996)
• Contemporary Reviews
• Angus Easson (ed.), Elizabeth Gaskell: The Critical Heritage (1991)
• Critical Books
• Miriam Allott, Elizabeth Gaskell (1950)
• Robin B. Colby, "Some Appointed Work to Do": Women and Vocation in the Fiction of Elizabeth Gaskell (1995)
• W. A. Craik, Elizabeth Gaskell and the English Provincial Novel (1974)
• Enid L. Duthie, The Themes of Elizabeth Gaskell (1980)
• Angus Easson, Elizabeth Gaskell (1979)
• Kate Flint, Elizabeth Gaskell (1995)
• Margaret Gans, Elizabeth Gaskell: The Artist in Conflict (1969)
• A. B. Hopkins, Elizabeth Gaskell: Her Life and Work (1952)
• Coral Lansbury, Elizabeth Gaskell: The Novel of Social Crisis (1975)
• Arthur Pollard, Mrs. Gaskell: Novelist and Biographer (1965)
• Hilary M. Schor, Scheherezade in the Marketplace: Elizabeth Gaskell and the Victorian Novel (1992)
• Jane Spencer, Elizabeth Gaskell (1993)
• Edgar Wright, Mrs. Gaskell: The Basis of Reassessment (1961)
• Terence Wright, Elizabeth Gaskell: 'We are Not Angels': Realism, Gender, Values (1995)
• Articles and Chapters (on North and South)
• Rosmarie Bodenheimer
• Deirdre David
• Dorice Williams Elliott, "The Female Visitor and the Marriage of Classes in Gaskell's North and South" (complete text - NCL)
• Catherine Gallagher
• Barbara Leah Harman, "In Promiscuous Company: Female Public Appearance in Elizabeth Gaskell's North and South," Victorian Studies 31 (1988): 351-74
• Sally Minogue, "Gender and Class in Villette and North and South," in Problems for Feminist Criticism, ed. Minogue (1990)
• Judith Lowder Newton